📒 used to say that one thing can, will or might happen or be true, depending on another thing happening or being true
- If you see him, give him this note.
- I'll only stay if you offer me more money.
- If necessary I can come at once.
📒 when; whenever; every time
- If metal gets hot it expands.
- She glares at me if I go near her desk.
📒 used after ask, know, find out, wonder, etc. to introduce one of two or more possibilities
- Do you know if he's married?
- I wonder if I should wear a coat or not.
- He couldn't tell if she was laughing or crying.
📒 used after verbs or adjectives expressing feelings
- I am sorry if I disturbed you.
- I'd be grateful if you would keep it a secret.
- Do you mind if I turn the TV off?
📒 used to admit that something is possible, but to say that it is not very important
- If she has any weakness, it is her Italian.
- So what if he was late. Who cares?
📒 used to ask somebody to listen to your opinion
- If you ask me, she's too scared to do it.
- If you think about it, those children must be at school by now.
- If you remember, Mary was always fond of animals.
📒 used before an adjective to introduce a contrast
- He's a good driver, if a little over-confident.
- We'll only do it once—if at all.
📒 used with will or would to ask somebody politely to do something
- If you will sit down for a few moments, I'll tell the manager you're here.
- If you would care to leave your name, we'll contact you as soon as possible.
📒 used before could, may or might to suggest something or to interrupt somebody politely
- If I may make a suggestion, perhaps we could begin a little earlier next week.
📒 despite the possibility that; no matter whether
- I'll get there, even if I have to walk.
📒 despite the fact that; even though
- He is a great leader, even if he has many enemies.
📒 used to say something about an event that may or may not happen
- If and when we ever meet again I hope he remembers what I did for him.
📒 used to express an opinion about something, or after a negative statement to suggest that the opposite is true
- I'd say he was more like his father, if anything.
- She's not thin—if anything she's on the plump side.
📒 used to give somebody advice
- If I were you I'd start looking for another job.
📒 used to introduce a different suggestion, after a sentence with if
- I'll go if you're going. If not (= if you are not), I'd rather stay at home.
📒 used after a yes/no question to say what will or should happen if the answer is ‘no’
- Are you ready? If not, I'm going without you.
- Do you want that cake? If not, I'll have it.
📒 used to suggest that something may be even larger, more important, etc. than was first stated
- They cost thousands if not millions of pounds to build.
📒 used to say that you wish something was true or that something had happened
- If only I were rich.
- If only I knew her name.
- If only he'd remembered to send that letter.
📒 if that is the case
- Do you do research in your studies? If so, what research methods do you use?
📒 used to say that something that is happening is surprising
- I'm surprised they've invited me to their wedding—it's not as if I know them well.
📒 used to state the only situation in which something can happen
- Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.
- Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.